Malmö POTS Symptom Score

MAPS: a 12-symptom score for POTS symptom burden, past 7 days

The Malmö POTS Symptom Score (MAPS) was developed at Lund University and published in the Journal of Internal Medicine in 2023. It is the first self-rating score designed specifically for POTS. You rate 12 common symptoms (five cardiac, seven non-cardiac) from 0 (no symptoms) to 10 (very pronounced) for the past 7 days. The total runs from 0 to 120.

In the validation study, patients with tilt-test-confirmed POTS averaged 78. Healthy controls averaged 14. A threshold of 42 or more separated the groups with 97% sensitivity and 98% specificity. Because it covers a single week, MAPS suits regular tracking: before and after starting a medication, an intervention, or a pacing change.

MAPS complements the other autonomic tools here: the COMPASS-31 covers autonomic symptoms more broadly across six domains, and the NASA lean test gives you the objective heart-rate data that a POTS assessment actually requires. A high MAPS score plus a positive lean test is a strong, structured package to bring to an appointment.

This is not a diagnostic tool. POTS is diagnosed from a documented orthostatic heart rate response with symptoms, after excluding other causes. A symptom score alone cannot diagnose it. The validation compared tilt-confirmed POTS with healthy controls only, so a high score in other conditions (including ME/CFS and long COVID) is expected and does not itself indicate POTS. Discuss your results with your doctor. Based on: Spahic JM, Hamrefors V, Johansson M, et al. Malmö POTS symptom score: Assessing symptom burden in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. J Intern Med. 2023;293(1):91–99 (open access, CC BY-NC).

Rate each symptom for the past 7 days, where 0 = no symptoms and 10 = very pronounced symptoms.

Cardiac symptoms

Dizziness or light-headedness

Presyncope (feeling that you are about to faint)

Palpitations (rapid or pounding heartbeat)

Shortness of breath

Chest pain or chest discomfort

Non-cardiac symptoms

Headache

Concentration difficulties ("brain fog")

Muscle pain

Nausea

Gastrointestinal symptoms (stomach pain, diarrhoea, or constipation)

Fatigue

Insomnia (difficulty sleeping)